MIL-STD-662F
3.14 Fair impact. An impact shall be considered fair when an unyawed (see 5.3.2) fragment simulator or test projectile strikes an unsupported area of the target material at a specified obliquity at a distance of at least two projectile diameters from any previous impact or disturbed area resulting from an impact, or from any crack, or from any edge of the test specimen.
3.15 Fragment simulator. A projectile designed to simulate the effects of fragmenting munitions when such fragments strike a target.
3.16 Initial velocity. The projectile velocity at the moment that the projectile ceases to be acted upon by propelling forces. For a gunfired projectile the initial velocity, expressed as feet or meters per second, is also called "muzzle velocity."
3.17 Integral armor. Armor material used as part of a structure to perform a load-carrying or other operational function, in addition to ballistic protection. Also known as structural armor.
3.18 Lumiline screen. Photoelectric device used to activate or deactivate a chronograph upon passage of a projectile.
3.19 Muzzle velocity. The velocity of the projectile with respect to the muzzle at the instant the projectile leaves the weapon. This velocity is a function of the projectile weight, firing charge of the projectile, barrel characteristics, etc. See also "initial velocity."
3.20 Obliquity. A measure, normally in degrees, of the extent to which the impact of a projectile on an armor material deviates from a line normal to the target. Thus, a projectile fired perpendicular to the armor surface has 0 degrees obliquity.
3.21 Obliquity angle. Angle between the normal to the target surface and the projectile trajectory or line-of-flight.
3.22 Overmatch. A term used primarily in association with steel armor which indicates that the diameter of the impacting projectile is larger than the thickness of the armor plate.
3.23 Parasitic armor. See applique armor.
3.24 Penetration, complete (CP). A complete penetration occurs when the impacting projectile, or any fragment thereof, or any fragment of the test specimen perforates the witness plate, resulting in a crack or hole which permits light passage when a 60-watt, 110-volt bulb is placed proximate to the witness plate.
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